Rama is also known as Ramachandra (Born on January 10 at 12.05 hours, 5114 BC, in Ayodhya, Kosala) is a true or mythical king of ancient India, whose heroic life and exploits are recounted in Ramayana, one of the two major epics of India, written in Sanskrit.
Astronomical data from the epic poem would date his reign to approximately the 20 century BC. AD. The Hindu tradition claims that it would have brought happiness and peace during the Treta-Yuga. The Ramayana was fixed in writing several tens of centuries after the supposed reign of Rama.
However, Hindu devotees accept the Ramayana as an accurate account of the life of the historical Rama. In Hinduism, Rama is considered the seventh avatar of the god Vishnu. He is the image of the perfect man and is worshiped just like his companion Hanuman, the embodied fidelity, the ape-god who helps him in his adventures.
The life and might of Lord Rama are described as the Sanskrit epic Ramayana composed by Maharishi Valmiki. The Ramayana finds mention of constructing a 48 km long 3 km wide stone bridge to go to Sri Lanka in search of Sita, which is called Ram Sethu.
Rama Facts
- Date of Birth: January 10, 5114 BC, in Ayodhya, Kosala (present-day Uttar Pradesh, India)
- Predecessor: Dasharatha
- Dynasty: Raghuvanshi-Ikshvaku-Suryavanshi
- Religion: Hinduism
- Spouse: Sita
- Children: Lava (son), Kusha (son)
- Parents:
Dasharatha (father)
Kaushalya (mother)
Kaikeyi (step-mother)
Sumitra (step-mother) - Siblings:
Shanta (sister)
Lakshmana (half-brother)
Bharata (half-brother)
Shatrughna (half-brother) - Died: Sarayu River
- Festivals:
Rama Navami
Vivaha Panchami
Deepavali
Dusshera
Biography of Rama
Rama is the prince of Ayodhya, son of Dasharatha and Kaushalya. His mother-in-law Kaikeyî, the second wife of his father, persuaded the king to give the throne to his own son Bharata and exile Rama for fourteen years.
Rama, his wife Sîta, the daughter of King Janaka of Videha, and his brother Lakshmana the son of his father’s third wife find refuge in the forest of Dandaka. On the way the exiles would have stopped in a place which was named Ram-the hero, that is to say, “the halt of Ram”, which became over time ” Ramathra “.
During this exile, Sîta is kidnapped by the demon Ravana, the king of Lanka. Lanka is generally identified as current Sri Lanka, but authors like Louis Frederic place it instead on one of the seven islands – perhaps Heptanesia of Ptolemy – originally from the city of Bombay.
Helped by the monkey Hanuman, Rama builds a bridge between India and the island of Ceylon, saves Sîta, kills Ravana, and becomes king of Ayodhya.
Rama also killed Vali, king-monkey Kishkindha. He is protected during his adventures by Agastya, and also saves Ahalya, turned to stone by her husband because he suspected her of having had an affair with Indra which was wrong.
After 10,000 years of reign on Earth, Rama entered the river Sarayu to return to its true and eternal form of Mahavishnu. His brothers Bharata and Shatrughna, as well as many faithful, follow him and also merge with Mahavishnu.
In recent years, the cult of Rama has become very much linked to Hindu nationalism. Rama is regarded as a model of devotion to the caste system and the rules of dharma, and as an active opponent of those who want to destroy them.
Exile to Forest
King Dasharatha had three queens: Kaushalya, Sumitra, and Kaikeyi. Lord Rama was the son of Kaushalya, Sumitra had two sons, Lakshmana and Shatrughan, and Kaikeyi’s son Bharata. According to the state rules, only the eldest son of a king is eligible to become a king, so Lord Ram was sure to become the king of Ayodhya.
Kaikeyi who twice saved the life of King Dasharatha and Dasharatha gave her the boon that she could ask for two brides at any moment of her life. Kaikeyi wanted Rama to become the king of Ayodhya while becoming the king and looking to the future, so he granted Rama 16 years of exile by King Dasharatha and demanded the kingdom of Ayodhya for his son Bharata.
King Dasharatha, bound in words, was forced to accept this. Ram obeyed his father’s orders. Goddess Sita, the wife of Ram, and his brother Lakshmana also went into exile.
Kidnapped of Sita
At the time of exile, Ravana kidnapped queen Sita. Ravana was a demon and the king of Lanka. According to the Ramayana, when Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana were in the hut, Goddess Sita was distraught after seeing the golden deer near Parnakuti, hearing the voice of a golden deer. As soon as goddess Sita wanted to capture that beautiful deer, the deer or antelope ran towards the pouring forest.
In reality, it was a conspiracy by Asuras to kidnap Goddess Sita. She maternal Swarnmrig or golden deer Rakshsraj Ravana Maricha was. He had assumed the form of a golden deer at the behest of Ravana so that he could take away Rama-Lakshmana from Sita as per the plan and Sita could be abducted.
On the other hand, Sita, unaware of the conspiracy, was fascinated to see her and requested Ramchandra to catch the golden deer alive and safely so that he could take that wonderful beautiful deer on his return to Ayodhya.
Ram started going to fulfill his wish of Bharata and asked Lakshmana to protect Sita. The insidious Marich took Rama far away. Taking Sri Rama away, Marich shouted “O Sita! O Lakshmana!” He started sounding so that Sita would get worried after listening to that voice and ask Lakshmana to go to Rama so that Ravana could easily ease Sita.
In this way, as soon as the deception or deception was anticipated, Ram shot an arrow and killed the demon Maricha, who was in the form of a golden deer. On the other hand, Sita became very anxious after hearing the sounds of her and Lakshmana’s name imposed by Maricha, and knowing any kind of nearness, she started asking Lakshmana to go to Lord Rama.
Lakshmana understood the deception of the demons, so Lakshmana did not want to leave Goddess Sita alone unprotected, but Lakshmana could not deny his sister-in-law when the force was requested by Goddess Sita.
Before going to the forest, Lakshmana drew a line from his arrow to protect Sita and requested Sita not to violate this line under any circumstances, this line has been chanted by the mantra, so No one will be able to get inside it by crossing the line.
The cursed line drawn by Lakshmana with his arrow to protect Goddess Sita is famous as “Lakshmana Rekha.” Ravana got a golden opportunity to kidnap Sita as soon as Lakshmana entered the abyss forest and found Goddess Sita alone and ambushed it beforehand.
Ravana soon came to the residence of Rama – Lakshmana – Sita in the Parnakuti or hut where the Goddess Sita was alone at this time. He was dressed as a monk. At first, he tried to enter directly into that safe hut but due to the draw of Lakshmana Rekha, he could not enter inside the hut where Goddess Sita was present.
Then he adopted the second remedy, he was still wearing the monk’s clothes, so the hut stood at the outer gate and started proclaiming “Bhikshan dehi – Bhikshan dehi”. On hearing this speech, Goddess Sita came out of the hut (without violating the Lakshmana line).
Seeing the hermit at the door, she started donating food and fruits from the hut of the hut (from within the Lakshmana Rekha). Then the rascal Ravan asked for food to talk about being hungry and thirsty to bring Sita out of Lakshmana Rekha.
According to the tradition of Aryavarta, thinking about not returning empty-handed to the beggar and hungry at the door, she forgot food, water, etc., and went out of the Lakshmana Rekha. As soon as Sita is outside the Lakshmana Rekha, Ravana immediately kidnaps her. Ravana began to force Sita into a Pushpak plane.
While hijacking the Pushpak aircraft, Sita called Ram and Lakshmana in a very high voice and called for her safety. Hearing this loud sound, a huge vulture bird named Jatayu who could speak in a clear voice like humans and was a great friend of King Dasaratha in the past, left the forest and flew into the sky.
Jatayu sees that the unrighteous Ravana is kidnapping a beautiful girl and that the girl is pleading for her safety. Seeing this injustice, Jatayu challenges Ravana and warns him to leave the girl, but where was the arrogant Ravan supposed to believe, so Ravana and Jatayu fight in the skyway.
The mighty Ravana cuts off both wings of Jatayu with his effectual sword so that Jatayu falls free and falls on the earth. Ravana starts moving with Sita in the Pushpak plane. When Sita saw that the huge vulture bird that came to protect her, could speak like humans, has been smashed by hitting the cisterns of Ravana, then Sita was wearing her jewelry/ornaments while going through the sky or airways in the Pushpak plane She started throwing herself down on the earth.
Lord Rama, along with his brother Lakshmana, wandered in search of Sita. Then they met two apes named Hanuman and Sugriva. Hanuman became the biggest devotee of Rama.
Death of Ravana
To reclaim Sita, Rama defeated Hanuman, Vibhishana, and the monkey army with the help of Hanuman, Vibhishana, and the monkey army, defeated Ravana’s brothers and his descendants and guided Vibhishana to become a good ruler by returning to Lanka.
Return to Ayodhya
Rama defeated Ravana in battle and made his younger brother Vibhishana the king of Lanka. Ram, Sita, Lakshmana, and some monkeys departed from the Pushpak plane to Ayodhya. After meeting everyone there, Rama and Sita were crowned in Ayodhya. The entire state began to spend efficient time.